Translate

Wednesday, July 24, 2013

APPEAL: The Appellate Court's Decision



DISTRICT COURT OF APPEAL OF THE STATE OF FLORIDA
FOURTH DISTRICT
July Term 2013

WIFE'S NAME,

Appellant,

v.

HUSBAND'S NAME,

Appellee.

No. XXXX-XXXX

[ July 24, 2013 ]

PER CURIAM.

     XXXXXXX,  the  wife,  appeals  a  final  judgment  of  dissolution  of marriage entered after the trial court struck her pleadings for refusing to comply  with  certain  discovery  orders  and failing  to  attend  a  court-ordered  video  deposition.   We  reverse,  because the trial  court  erred  by striking  the  wife’s  pleadings and  entering  a   final  judgment  without affording  the  wife  an opportunity  to  be  heard  and offer  mitigating  or extenuating evidence.

     XXXXXXX, the husband, was arrested and charged with aggravated assault  for  allegedly threatening  his  wife  with  a wine  bottle.   The  wife obtained  a   Temporary  Injunction  for  Protection  Against  Domestic Violence and later  an Agreed  Permanent  Injunction  Against  Domestic Violence.   Shortly  thereafter,  the  wife  left  Florida  and relocated  to another state.  The husband filed a petition for dissolution of marriage. After filing his petition, he served the wife with the standard family law interrogatories.   She failed to timely  comply  with the  request,  and the trial  court  compelled  her  to  respond  to  the  interrogatories.   The wife requested a protective order allowing her to omit her current home and work  address  from  the  interrogatories.   As  grounds,  she  asserted  that she  feared  further  abuse from  her  husband  if  she  disclosed  this information.   As to the  other  requested  information,  she  indicated  her
willingness to comply.

     The trial  court  denied the  wife’s motion,  but immediately thereafter, counsel  for  the  wife  ore  tenus moved  to  have  the  husband’s counsel barred from providing the husband with the wife’s current home or work address.  Counsel for the husband agreed not to provide his client with the wife’s current home address but argued that his client needed access to  his  wife’s  current  work  address.   The  trial  court  entered  an agreed order  as  to  the  wife’s  current  home  address  but denied  the  ore  tenus request to have her work address omitted.

     When the wife  failed  to  respond  to  the  husband’s standard interrogatories, the trial court held another hearing and warned the wife that her pleadings would be stricken and a default entered against her if she  failed  to  comply  with  the  discovery  request.   The trial  court  also ordered the wife to attend a video deposition scheduled to take place in Washington D.C.  Counsel for the husband would attend the deposition telephonically from his office in West Palm Beach.  The husband would not be attending the deposition.

     Minutes  after  the  trial  court’s  deadline  for  complying  with  its discovery  orders,  counsel  for  the  wife  provided  the  husband  with  a partial  response to his interrogatories.   She  still  refused to provide her current  home  or  work  address.   The wife  also  failed  to  attend  the deposition after learning that her husband could be aware of the location where she would be appearing.

     The  trial  court  held  a hearing  on the husband’s Motion  to Strike Wife’s  Pleadings  Based  on Wife’s  Refusal  to  Comply  with  Order  on Husband’s Motion  for  Contempt,  and  Wife’s  Refusal  to  Attend  Court Ordered  Deposition.   Counsel  for  the  wife  asked the  trial  court  not  to strike  the  wife’s  pleadings  without  first  conducting  an evidentiary hearing.  She argued that her  client “for lack  of a better way to put it, [suffers  from]  extreme  paranoia  she  claims  as  a result  of the  domestic violence she suffered.”  The trial court denied her  request for a hearing and granted the husband’s motion to strike the wife’s pleadings, stating: “The Wife  acted  and  continues  to  act  in  a   deliberate,  willful,  and contumacious  manner,  whereby  she  continues  to  act  in  defiance  and disobedience of numerous orders issued by this court.”  The court struck all of the wife’s pleadings, including her Counter-petition for Dissolution of Marriage,  and ordered the  wife to  pay the  husband’s attorney’s  fees and costs as a sanction.  The court then conducted a trial and entered a judgment of dissolution of marriage.

     The  wife  argues  that  the  trial  court  erred  by striking  her  pleadings without  a   hearing  to  determine  if  her  conduct  warranted  such an extreme  sanction.   We  agree.   Sanctions  imposed  pursuant  to  Florida Rule of Civil Procedure 1.380 are reviewed for an abuse of discretion, and a trial  court may  exercise  its  discretion  by striking  a  party’s  pleadings “where  evidence  shows  deliberate  and contumacious  disregard  of  the court’s  discovery  orders.”  Belle  Glade  Chevrolet-Cadillac  Buick  Pontiac Oldsmobile,  Inc.  v.  Figgie,  54  So.  3d  991, 996  (Fla.  4th DCA  2010) (citations omitted).  However, the striking of pleadings is the severest of penalties and should  only be exercised under “extreme  circumstances.” America’s Yate de Costa Rica v. Armco Mfg., Inc., 82 So. 3d 882, 885-86 (Fla. 4th DCA 2011) (quoting Cook v. Custom Marine Distrib., Inc., 29 So. 3d 462, 462 (Fla. 4th DCA 2010)).  If the trial  court  can impose a less severe sanction as a viable alternative, then it should use the alternative. Id.

     In  any  case, the trial  court  should have  granted the  request  by the wife’s  counsel  to  hold  an evidentiary  hearing  before  striking  the  wife’s pleadings.  See,  e.g., Kuechenberg v. Creative  Interiors, Inc., 424 So. 2d 145, 146  (Fla.  4th DCA  1982) (“The trial  court  erred  by not  affording appellants an opportunity to explain their failure to make discovery even after being ordered to do so.  An evidentiary hearing held after  remand will  correct this  error.”);  accord Wildwood  Props.,  Inc.  v.  Archer  of  Vero Beach,  Inc., 621  So.  2d  691, 692  (Fla.  4th DCA  1993) (“A  party  to  be sanctioned  for  discovery  violations  must  first  be given  notice  and an opportunity to be heard and offer mitigating or extenuating evidence as to why discovery did not take place.”).

     Accordingly,  we  reverse  the  order  striking  the  wife’s  pleadings  and remand for an evidentiary hearing to determine whether the wife’s failure to obey the discovery orders rose to the level of disobedience which would justify the  severe  sanction  of  striking pleadings  or whether  some lesser sanction would suffice.

     Because we are reversing the order striking the pleadings,  we  must  also reverse  the  final  judgment  of  dissolution  of marriage.  See Wildwood, 621 So. 2d at 692.  This moots the remaining issues on appeal.

Reversed and Remanded.



[1]  We  note that  Florida  Supreme  Court  Approved  Family  Law  Form  12.980(h) allows a party who has been the victim of domestic violence to file a request for a  confidential  address.  See  In  re  Amendments  to  Florida  Rules  of  Judicial Admin.,  Florida  Rules  of  Civil  Procedure,  Florida  Rules  of  Criminal  ProcedureFlorida Probate Rules, Florida Rules of Traffic Court, Florida Small Claims RulesFlorida Rules of Juvenile Procedure, Florida Rules of Appellate Procedure, Florida Family Law Rules of ProcedureE-Mail Service Rule, 102 So. 3d 505, 570 (Fla. 2012).   A  battered  spouse may  omit  certain  details  from  his  or  her  financial affidavit and request that these details be kept confidential by the court.  Id.

TAYLOR, CIKLIN, JJ., and ROBINSON, MICHAEL A., Associate Judge, concur.

*            *            *

     Appeal from the Circuit Court for the Fifteenth Judicial Circuit, Palm
Beach  County;  XXX XXXXX,  Judge;  L.T.  Case  No.
2011XXXXXXXXX.

     Wife, Pro Se.

     Asshat Rat Lawyer, Jupiter, for appellee.

     XXXX,  Attorney  General  of Maryland,  and XXXX,  Assistant  Attorney  General,  Baltimore,  Maryland,  XXXX, Assistant Attorney General, Annapolis Maryland, and XXXX,  Okeechobee,  for  Amicus  Curiae-Office  of the  Secretary  of State, State of Maryland.

Not final until disposition of timely filed motion for rehearing.

No comments:

Post a Comment